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Boraginaceae

Boraginaceae Juss. - Borage Family

1. Anchusa hispida Forsskal

(Anchusa deflexa, Gastrocotyle hispida)

Common names: ainbacees, hairy bugloss, rims

My notes: One small plant looks like Lappula spinocarpos.

Desert borage Anchusa hispida (Gastrocotyle hispida, local names ainbacees, rims) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 Anchusa hispida (Gastrocotyle hispida, local names ainbacees, rims) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014 Seeds of Anchusa hispida(?) (borage family) of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014 Seeds of desert borage Anchusa hispida near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014 Large plant of desert borage Anchusa hispida in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, January 15, 2016 Seedling of desert borage Anchusa hispida found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016 Blooming seedling of desert borage Anchusa hispida found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016 Seedling of desert borage Anchusa hispida with a small blue flower found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016 Desert borage Anchusa hispida in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

2. Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm.) DC.

(Anchusa asperrima, Anchusa hispidissima, Arnebia asperrima, Arnebia lutea, Arnebiola migiurtina, Dioclea hispidissima, Echiochilon hispidissimum, Echioides asperrimum, Lithospermum hispidissimum, Lithospermum vestitum, Lithospermum villosum, Rhytispermum villosum, Strobila hispidissima, Toxostigma luteum)

Common names: Arabian primrose, hasheshat al arnab, kahal, melleiH

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from Arnebia decumbens.

Yellow flowers of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010 Cluster of yellow spring flowers of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima, local name Hasheshat al arneb) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010 Yellow flower of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010 Small yellow flower of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010 Dry Arnebia hispidissima(?) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013 Desert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 Desert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014 Desert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 Desert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014 Young plant of Arnebia hispidissima near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Bushy plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Large plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on a roadside near Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014 Large plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015 Yellow flowers of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016 Blooming Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016 Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on white background in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016 Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016 Blooming Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016 Blooming Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016 Compact bushy plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016 Blooming plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016 Plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Blooming Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Lower view of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) with flowers in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Carpet of plants of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016 Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Blooming Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Plant of Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Yellow flowers of Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) with yellow flowers on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Plants of Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on a sandy plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

3. Cordia sebestena L.

(Cordia juglandifolia, Cordia laevis, Sebesten sebestena)

Common names: scarlet cordia, siricote

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cordia sebestena is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae, that is native to the American tropics. It ranges from southern Florida in the United States and The Bahamas southwards throughout Central America and the Greater Antilles. Common names include siricote or kopté (Mayan) in 19th Century northern Yucatán, scarlet cordia on Jamaica, and Geiger tree (after Key West wrecker John Geiger) in Florida.

Blooming siricote tree (Cordia sebestena) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016 Orange flowers of siricote tree (Cordia sebestena) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016 Fruits of siricote tree (Cordia sebestena) in a park at Al Meshrif Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 29, 2016

4. Echiochilon jugatum I. M. Johnston

Common names: kohail, najmet albar, stoneseed

My notes: It may be E. persicum.

Stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014 Flowers of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014 Blooming stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015 Blooming plant of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016 Stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) with small flowers on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016 Large bush of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016 Blooming bush of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016 Plants of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

5. Echiochilon persicum (Burm.fil.) I.M.Johnst.

(Echiochilon albidum, Echiochilon nubicum, Echiochilon strigosum, Echiochilon thesigeri, Echiochilon vatkei, Echiochilon verrucosum, Heliotropium albohispidum, Heliotropium calcareum, Heliotropium cinerascens, Heliotropium deflersii, Heliotropium fruticosum, Heliotropium persicum, Heliotropium vatkei, Pioctonon persicum, Sericostoma albidum, Sericostoma calcareum, Sericostoma persicum, Sericostoma strigosa, Sericostoma verrucosum)

Common names: stone seed

Stone seed (Echiochilon persicum(?)) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Stone seed (Echiochilon persicum(?)) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

6. Ehretia microphylla Lam.

(Carmona heterophylla, Carmona microphylla, Carmona retusa, Cordia coromandeliana, Cordia retusa, Ehretia buxifolia, Ehretia coromandeliana, Ehretia heterophylla, Ehretia monopyrena)

Common names: Fukien tea tree, Philippine tea tree

Fukien tea tree (Ehretia microphylla) with a small white flower in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015 Ornamental bush Fukien tea tree (Ehretia microphylla) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016

7. Moltkiopsis ciliata (Forssk.) I. M. Johnston

(Lithospermum angustifolium, Lithospermum callosum, Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum latifolium, Lithospermum niveum, Moltkia callosa, Moltkia ciliata)

Common names: callous-leaved gromwell, Ghabshah, halam, stoneseed

Flowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 Blooming Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 Desert plant Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 Desert plant Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 Young leaves of Moltkiopsis ciliata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014 Shoots of Moltkiopsis ciliata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014 Young plants of Moltkiopsis ciliata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014 Leaves of Moltkiopsis ciliata on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015 Moltkiopsis ciliata in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015 Half dry plant of Moltkiopsis ciliata in Mazhabya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015 Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Blooming Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Inflorescence of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Flowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Cluster of flowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Plant of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Unusually large leaves of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016 Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016 Large blooming bush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016 Dense blooming bush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016 Bush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) with reddish flowers near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016 Densely blooming plant of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016 Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016 Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) at sunrise on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016 Blooming Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016 Back lit Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016 Bush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) uprooted by wind in sand near limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016

8. Ogastemma pusillum (Coss. & Dur. ex Bonnet & Barratte) Brummitt

(Eritrichium sventenii, Megastoma pusillum)

Common names: Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos

Desert plant with tiny white flowers Ogastemma pusillum(?) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 Tiny white flowers of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014 Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014 Small plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos)(?) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016 Plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos)(?) with a flower on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016 Plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Blooming plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Lower view of a plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Large bush of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Compact bush of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Large compact bush of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Blooming Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

List of plant families

• Ephedraceae
• Acanthaceae
• Aizoaceae
• Amaranthaceae
• Anacardiaceae
• Annonaceae
• Apiaceae
• Apocynaceae
• Asphodelaceae
• Asteraceae
• Bignoniaceae
• Boraginaceae
• Brassicaceae
• Burseraceae
• Cactaceae
• Campanulaceae
• Capparaceae
• Caricaceae
• Caryophyllaceae
• Casuarinaceae
• Cistaceae
• Cleomaceae
• Combretaceae
• Convolvulaceae
• Cucurbitaceae
• Cynomoriaceae
• Didiereaceae
• Dioscoreaceae
• Ehretiaceae
• Euphorbiaceae
• Fabaceae
• Frankeniaceae
• Geraniaceae
• Goodeniaceae
• Heliotropiaceae
• Lamiaceae
• Linaceae
• Lythraceae
• Malpighiaceae
• Malvaceae
• Meliaceae
• Menispermaceae
• Moraceae
• Moringaceae
• Muntingiaceae
• Myrtaceae
• Neuradaceae
• Nyctaginaceae
• Oleaceae
• Onagraceae
• Orobanchaceae
• Oxalidaceae
• Papaveraceae
• Phyllanthaceae
• Plantaginaceae
• Plumbaginaceae
• Polygalaceae
• Polygonaceae
• Portulacaceae
• Primulaceae
• Resedaceae
• Rhamnaceae
• Rubiaceae
• Rutaceae
• Salvadoraceae
• Sapindaceae
• Sapotaceae
• Scrophulariaceae
• Solanaceae
• Tamaricaceae
• Typhaceae
• Urticaceae
• Verbenaceae
• Violaceae
• Zygophyllaceae
• Arecaceae
• Commelinaceae
• Cymodoceaceae
• Cyperaceae
• Hydrocharitaceae
• Juncaceae
• Liliaceae
• Poaceae
• Ruppiaceae

Links

• Unknown plants or plants without names.
• Duplicate and extra pictures of plants.
• Earlier version of collection of plants.
• Other collections of pictures from Qatar: Lizards of Qatar, Cats of Qatar, Camels of Qatar, and Fish of Qatar.
• Picture archives.
• Home page of A. Sergeev.

Outside links

• Ekhlas M. M. Abdel Bary, The Flora of Qatar, Volume I: The Dicotyledons. Doha 2012
• Flora of Qatar, Volume II: The Monocotyledons
• Illustrated Checklist of the Flora of Qatar. John Norton et al. 2009
• Qatar eNature. Flora
• Ali Al-Rawi, Flowering plants of Kuwait, 1985
• Plants of Kuwait
• Flora of Saudi Arabia, Al-Qassim Region
• Flora of Eastern Saudi Arabia by Rain and Dust at Flickr
• Plants of South-Western Morocco
• Pictures from Qatar (Flickr/cpmkutty)
• Arabian plants by Gary Brown
• Flora of Israel

How the web page was created

• A list of plants with their common names was written using online sources and books.
• Web pages were written by a program consisting of several scripts.
• Full names, synonyms, and classification of plants were found online from catalogueoflife.org and theplantlist.org using a script.
• Pictures of plants were selected from a database using a script.
• This web page was written using a script.

Acknowledgements

QNHG (Qatar Natural History Group) and associated people, for a possibility to participate in their field excursions and to learn about local nature.