Zygophyllum qatarense is a succulent shrub endemic to the Arabian Peninsula, specifically found in Qatar and parts of Saudi Arabia. In Qatar, it thrives in arid environments, such as sandy dunes and salt flats. This plant has adapted to the country's harsh climate, with small leaves and stems that store water, allowing it to survive extreme temperatures and low rainfall. Zygophyllum qatarense is considered a rare and threatened species due to habitat degradation and overgrazing, making conservation efforts necessary to protect its populations in Qatar.
Succulent leaves of salt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
Seedling of Zygophyllum qatarense germinated after recent rains. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
Seedling of a desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
Blooming Zygophyllum qatarense in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2011
Close up of Zygophyllum qatarense plant east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2011
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant with fruits east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant in sand east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant with small flowers east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
Desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Close up of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense in sand near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Flower buds of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Halophyte plant Zygophyllum qatarense in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013 Rashid Street, Ad-Daẖirah, Qatar
Seedling of Zygophyllum qatarense plant in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014 Salwa Rd, Qatar
Succulent twig of Zygophyllum qatarense plant in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014 طريق سلوى، Qatar
Green seedling of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014 طريق سلوى، Qatar
Compact seedling of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense among sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014 طريق سلوى، Qatar
Seedling of Zygophyllum qatarense (Tetraena qatarense) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014 طريق سلوى، Qatar
Seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 سودا ناثيل, أم حوطة, الريان, قطر
Purple seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 سودا ناثيل, أم حوطة, الريان, قطر
Purple seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) covered by sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 Salwa Rd, Qatar
Seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 Salwa Rd, Qatar
Seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014 طريق سلوى، Qatar
Red-purple tinged seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014 خط الوكير، Qatar
Seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014 خط الوكير، Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014 خط الوكير، Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 15, 2014 Al Shatt Street, Doha, Qatar
Seedling of desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 سودا ناثيل, الريان, قطر
Purple tinged seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 سودا ناثيل, الريان, قطر
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) covered by sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 سودا ناثيل, الريان, قطر
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 سودا ناثيل, الريان, قطر
Seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) covered by sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 سودا ناثيل, الريان, قطر
Seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014 سودا ناثيل, الريان, قطر
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014 Garafat Al Rayyan and Dukhan Highway, Qatar
Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Dukhan - Umm Bab Hwy, Umm Bab, Qatar
Seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014 Abdulla Bin Jasim Street, Dukhan, Qatar
Green seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sands south from Sealine Beach Resort. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014 InLand Sea Off Road, Qatar
Salt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Salt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay at sunrise. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Salt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) with fruits in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) taken from empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay at sunrise. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014 Al Istiqlal Street, Doha, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 17, 2014
Brown seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 17, 2014
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with seeds on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Al Istiqlal Street, Doha, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with brown seeds on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Al Istiqlal Street, Doha, Qatar
Ripening seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Yellowish Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Brownish Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with seeds on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with seeds growing on a sidewalk of Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Brown seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Al Istiqlal Street, Doha, Qatar
Brown seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) carpeting ground on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014 Al Istiqlal Street, Doha, Qatar
Large bush of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 5, 2014 Meshrif Street, Doha, Qatar
Magenta tinged seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014 Fuwyrit Beach Rd, Qatar
Blooming Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015 56, Umm Bab, Qatar
Brown leaves of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015 56, Umm Bab, Qatar
Parasitic plant Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015 56, Umm Bab, Qatar
Parasitic plants of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) forming "fairy ring" circle near a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015 56, Umm Bab, Qatar
Slender twig of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant taken from a beach near Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
Skeleton of a dry plant of Zygophyllum qatarense(?) in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015 Al Wukair Street, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant submerged by sand in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015 Al Wukair Street, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015 Salwa Road, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015 Salwa Road, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a slope of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015 Fuwyrit Beach Road, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Close up of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Dry plant skeleton of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense)(?) in area of Nakhsh Mountain near Salwa Road in southern Qatar, May 8, 2015 Salwa Road, Qatar
Almost dry plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya rock carving site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, May 9, 2015 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015 Mesaieed Rd, Qatar
Malformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015 Salwa Road, Qatar
Malformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) damaged by mites on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015 Salwa Road, Qatar
Plants of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on sand in Mazhabya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015 Bu Samra Road, Qatar
Almost dry plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on sand in Mazhabya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015 Bu Samra Road, Qatar
Bright green plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015 Salwa Rd, As Salwa, Qatar
Malformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, July 11, 2015
Close up of a malformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) damaged by gall gnats(?) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, July 11, 2015
Plants of Zygophyllum qatarense in wind blown sand on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015 56, Umm Bab, Qatar
Plant of Zygophyllum qatarense with spherical variation of leaves on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Branch of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from a spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
Seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015 Al Wukair St, Qatar
Seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand near Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 31, 2015 Bu Samra Rd, Qatar
Seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with dark purple stem in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Highly succulent form of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Reddish leaves of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016 Dukhan Hwy, Qatar
Plants of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in flat area east from Dukhan. Qatar, January 15, 2016 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Blooming Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Compact plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a tomb of Al Khor Cemetery in mist. North from Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2016 Unnamed Road, Al Khor, Qatar
Salt-and-pepper moth (Utetheisa lotrix) or may be Utetheisa pulchella on Zygophyllum qatarense on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016 Salwa Rd, Qatar
Reddish plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016 Fuwyrit Beach Rd, Qatar
Succulent form of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016 Salwa Rd, Qatar
Large bush of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016 Salwa Rd, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Highly succulent form of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016 Unnamed Road, Qatar
Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant on a surface of limestone rock in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016 Unnamed Road, Qatar
AI-generated summary of observations
The observations document the plant species Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in various locations across Qatar. The plant was found in different forms, including highly succulent and compact varieties, and with varying leaf colors such as reddish and purple. It was observed growing on rocky ridges, sand dunes, and flat areas, often in association with other plants. The observations were made over a period of time, from 2015 to 2016, and noted the plant's ability to thrive in different environments. Some observations also recorded insects, such as salt-and-pepper moths, on the plant. Overall, the observations provide a comprehensive record of the distribution, morphology, and ecology of Tetraena qatarense in Qatar. The plant's adaptability and varied forms are highlighted, demonstrating its ability to survive in diverse conditions.