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Horwoodia dicksoniae Turrill

Common names

Khozama

AI-generated description

Horwoodia dicksoniae is a small, annual herb endemic to the Arabian Peninsula. In Qatar, it has been found growing in sandy and saline habitats, often in areas with low vegetation cover. It is a rare and localized species in the country, typically blooming from February to April. The plant's presence in Qatar highlights the country's unique biodiversity and the importance of conservation efforts to protect its fragile ecosystems.

Seed of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014

Khozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014

Small beetle eating Khozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014

Purple Khozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014

Seeds of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014

Flowers of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014

Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016

Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on gravel soil near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016

Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on gravel plateau near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016

Purple flowers of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016

Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on white background near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016

Khozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) against blue sky near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016

Fruits of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) taken from a border of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016

Close up of round fruits of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) taken from a border of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016

Fruits of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on dark background taken from a border of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016

AI-generated summary of observations

Observations of Horwoodia dicksoniae in Qatar reveal that the plant produces purple flowers, which attract small beetles. The flowers are typically found near fences, such as at Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. The plant grows on gravel soil and plateaus, and its seeds are also present in these areas. In addition to flowers, the plant produces round fruits, which were observed in April 2016. The plant was found to be growing near a fence in February 2014 and 2016, with multiple observations of its flowers, seeds, and fruits over time. The flowers are often purple in color and can be seen against blue sky or on white background. Overall, Horwoodia dicksoniae appears to thrive in the Qatar environment, particularly in areas with gravel soil.

Links

• Flora of Qatar.
• Unknown plants or plants without names.
• Duplicate and extra pictures of plants.
• Earlier version of collection of plants.
• Other collections of pictures from Qatar: Lizards of Qatar, Cats of Qatar, Camels of Qatar, and Fish of Qatar.
• Picture archives.
• Home page of A. Sergeev.

Outside links

• Horwoodia dicksoniae from www.catalogueoflife.org
• Ekhlas M. M. Abdel Bary, The Flora of Qatar, Volume I: The Dicotyledons. Doha 2012
• Flora of Qatar, Volume II: The Monocotyledons
• Illustrated Checklist of the Flora of Qatar. John Norton et al. 2009
• Qatar eNature. Flora
• Ali Al-Rawi, Flowering plants of Kuwait, 1985
• Plants of Kuwait
• Flora of Saudi Arabia, Al-Qassim Region
• Flora of Eastern Saudi Arabia by Rain and Dust at Flickr
• Plants of South-Western Morocco
• Pictures from Qatar (Flickr/cpmkutty)
• Arabian plants by Gary Brown
• Flora of Israel

How the web page was created

• A list of plants with their common names was written using online sources and books.
• Web pages were written by a program consisting of several scripts.
• Full names, synonyms, and classification of plants were found online from catalogueoflife.org and theplantlist.org using a script.
• Pictures of plants were selected from a database using a script.
• This web page was written using a script.

Acknowledgements

QNHG (Qatar Natural History Group) and associated people, for a possibility to participate in their field excursions and to learn about local nature.